Lathe machine

Lathe Machine

The shop where most of the work performed on different machines are called the machine shop. In the machine shop, the raw material is cut, machined, formed or shared with the help of a machine. Different machines used in machine shops.

1.Lathe Machine

2.Shaper Machine

3.Milling Machine

4.Planning Machine

5.Drilling Machine

6.Grinding Machine

7.Threading Machine 

lathe machine introduction

 The lathe machine is a power mechanical device in which the work is held and rotated against a suitable cutting from a cutting tool for producing the cylindrical form in the metal, wood or any other machineable material.

 The principle of lathe machine is that it holds the work between two strong sports called as a center or in a cheek or faceplate which revolves.T he chuck of the center is mounted on the main spindle of the machine. The cutting tool is rigidly supported in a tool port and it is feed against the rotating job. The job rotate in its axis and the tool is moved either parallel to an inclination with its axis  such as a cylindrical or tapered surface is produced

Lathe machine main part operation and working

Bed

 The bed is the function of a lathe machine it is spotted onboard box column and is made of cast iron. it consists of two heavy metals slides running lengthwise with ways unit which is mounted on the bed are the headstock, tailstock and the carriage.

Watch this video for Parts of lathe machine in detail

Headstock

It spots the main spindle in the bearing and aligns it properly. It also houses a necessary transmission mechanism with speed changing liver to obtain different speeds.T he cone Pulley or gear should be used to change the speed of the spindle. Holding device which is mounted on headstock spindle.

Three jaws chuck

Four jaws chuck

Faceplate

Collet Chuck

Magnet chuck

lathe dog

Main spindle

 In a hollow cylindrical shaft and the long cylindrical job can passes through the main spindle. The spindle end facing the tailstock is called spindle nose. The spindle nose has a morse taper hole and Threads on the outside. The Morse taper is used to accommodate center or collet chuck or threaded portion of the chuck.

 Tailstock

It is a movable part locating opposite to headstock on the way of the Bed. It is capable of sliding along the bed maintaining its alignment with the headstock. On the medium size and small lathe it is moved along the bed manually, where are heavier lathes it is moved by hand wheel through a pinion that meshes with a rack provided in front of a lathe bed. It is used for four  purpose

1. To support  free end during machining

2. To hold a tool for performing an operation like drilling reaming tapering

3.To Centre the job and the tool before any lathe operations

4. To help  in the operation of taper turning by tailstock set over method

Carriage

 It is located between headstock and tailstock. It can slide along bed guide-way and can be locked at any position by tightening the carriage lock screw. It consists of flowing main parts

Apron

It is fastened to the saddle. it consists of gear and clutches for transmitting motion from feed rod and handwheel to the careers. Also, split nut which engaged with the lead screw during threading.T he clutches mechanism is used to transmit motion from feed rod wheres the split nut along with the lead screw move the carriage during thread cutting.

Saddle

 It is made up of H shaped casting. It aids saddle to slide on the bed guideway by operating handwheel.

 Compound Rest

 It sports the tool post and cutting tools in its various position. It may be swiveled on the cross slide to any angle in the horizontal plane.

 Cross Slide

It provides with a female dovetail on one side and assembled on top of saddle having a male dovetail.

Toolpost

 It is used to hold various tool holders and tools. Types of tool post commonly used

Ring and Rocker tool post

Squarehead tool post 

Quick change tool post

 Legs

They are a sport that carries an entire load of the Machines. The left leg act as a housing for the motor the pulley and the countershaft at the same time that right leg act as a housing or the coolant tank, pump, and the connecting pipes

lathe machine specification

 Length of the bed

Distance between centers

The diameter of the  work which can be turned between the ways 

The height of the centers Swing over carries

 Lathe machine operations

Facing                               Rough turning

Shouldering                      Radius turning

Necking                            Taper turning

Thread cutting                   Forming

Chamfering                       Knurling

Drilling                              Boring

Countersinking                  Counterboring