Arc welding

What is welding?

Welding is a process of joining two metal with the help of heat or pressure. The welding is used for the following Engineering.

1.Manufacturing of machine tools, Auto parts, and cycle parts

2.Fabrication of farm machinery and equipment

3.Fabrication of buildings bridges and ships

4.Construction of boiler, furnace, Railway, cars, airplanes, rockets and missiles

5. Manufacturers of televisions set, refrigerator, kitchen cabinets

Basic Principle of welding 

The main purpose of welding is to joining two-piece. The homogenous mixture is formed. The next process the end to be joined are brought to the plastic stage and then apply external pressure to join them. it is pressure welding in both the above cases of the source of heat is listed below. 

It is a furnace in forge welding 

It is gas in gas welding 

It is electrical energy in arc welding 

It is a chemical reaction in thermit welding 

Types of welding 

Many types of welding processes have been developed depending upon the field or their application. 

Forge welding                                      Gas welding 

Electrical arc welding                           Spot welding 

Seam Welding                                     Thermit welding 

TIG welding                                          MIG welding  

Plasma arc welding

Electric Arc Welding 

The welding in which the electrical Arc is produced to give heat for the purpose of joining two surfaces is called electrical arc welding. The principle of the electric arc welding power supply is given to the electrode and the work is a suitable gap is kept between the work. The electrode is a high current is passed through the circuit. The electrical energy is converted into heat energy producing a temperature of 3000 degree Celsius to 4000 degree Celsius. This heat melts the age to be welded and the molten pool is formed. On a solidification, the weld joint is obtained.

 Electrical power for welding 

The arc welding can be used AC current or DC current. For most purposes, DC current is preferred. In DC Welding a DC generator or solid state rectifier is used.DC machines are made up to the capacity range 600 amperes. The voltage in open circuit is kept around 45 to 95 volt and in the closed circuit, it is kept 17 to 25 volt.DC current can be given in two categories 

Straight polarity and Reverse polarity 

In straight polarity, welding workpiece is connected to a positive wire(+)or made anode and the electrode is connected to a negative wire (-) made a cathode electrode. Electron flow from cathode to anode thus heat is produced at the material to be welded.

In reverse polarity, the system is opposite to the straight polarity system. The work is made cathode means negative wire and the electrode is made anode means positive wire This types of welding is done specially for the thin section. 

AC welding has the advantage of being cheap. The equipment used in simpler than DC Welding. The current output is increased at the electrode by the transformer. An AC welding circuit the current vary from 150 to 1000 ampere depending upon the types of work.

 Welding Transformer set

 It consists of a primary and secondary circuit. The input is given to the primary winding. By electromagnetic induction the current flow through the secondary coil. The output can be controlled as per requirement 

for more detail please watch this video